T high density, indicating that these search phrases possess a robust link with other keyword phrases. In other words, this suggests that the greater the density, the a lot more sophisticated and wellstud ied the analysis on that precise subject is [479]. Moreover, it’s affordable to assume thatSustainability 2021, 13,7 ofSustainability 2021, 13, x FOR PEER 20(S)-Hydroxycholesterol web REVIEW8 ofcolor [35]. The keyword phrases “ecosystem services”, “abundance” and “approach” present higher density, indicating that these keywords have a robust hyperlink with other keywords and phrases. In other words, this suggests that the higher the density, the much more advanced and well-studied the defining the supporting solutions of the deepsea ecosystem that contain habitats (e.g., sea research on that particular subject is [479]. Moreover, it’s reasonable to assume that the mount, abyssal plain, and so forth.) and biogeochemical cycling will permit researchers to quantify, concern and requests for the management and conservation of deep-sea ecosystem services on a single hand, the rewards of these ecosystems and, on the other hand, to predict the po and goods are continually growing. Few key phrases occupy the red location; pretty much each of the tential danger of solutions applied by humans and obtained from the habitat (provisioning ser keywords occupy orange and green locations, including “deep-sea”, suggesting that the key vices) which include the extraction of minerals. analysis fields are very few.Figure 5. Density view map primarily based on total linkweights. Figure 5. Density view map based on total link-weights.It really is worth noting that in comparison using the visualization map, we found that our As illustrated in Figure 6, deepsea ecosystems present a wide range of services to study query “ecosystem services” (co-occurrence: 562) is linked to search phrases “managehuman welfare, which supports direct (provisioning, regulating and cultural services) and ment”, “conservation”, “restoration”, “challenge” and “gap knowledge”, amongst others, indirect (supporting solutions) services [4]. with 282 hyperlinks and a total links strength of 9601. The item “deep-sea” (co-occurrence: 133) is mainly linked towards the keywords “gene”, “taxa” and “depth”, with 220 hyperlinks along with a total 3.two.1. Supporting Solutions hyperlink strength of 1909. 3.2. Evaluation of Deep-Sea Solutions Habitat Deep-sea goods and solutions has to be first identified and characterized in order to The deep sea would be the most substantial habitat and covers about 300 million km2 and pro quantify their advantages for human well-being. Human profit must note the environmental vides a wide range of physical habitats which include abyssal plains, hydrothermal vents and element offered that any alter in an ecosystem will impact the sustainability from the seamounts [54], where millions of known and unknown species live. Consequently, the provided solutions and goods. As previously said, few studies have examined deep-sea estimation from the number of species living in the deep sea is unattainable because of the lack services mainly because with the understanding gap related towards the functions, biodiversity and life in deepof understanding related towards the ecology and biodiversity on the deep sea. Nevertheless, the devel sea ecosystems. The first study that analyzed deep-sea services and goods was carried out opment of technologies used in ocean exploration is supposed to enhance the species dis by Armstrong et al. [4] and highlighted the Nitrocefin web critical role played by the deep sea within the worldwide covery trend [55] in the close to future, and the quantity of the aknown deepsea s.