he DHAARA diet. Phospholipid classes were not changed by diet to any significant extent, except for a decrease in CL and mono-lyso-CL with ARA and DHAARA supplementation. There was also a small increase in PC with ARA supplementation. In contrast, MedChemExpress PR 619 analysis of side chain composition within each phospholipid class revealed some dramatic diet-induced changes in fatty acyl groups. Dietary supplementation with DHA increased DHA in PE, PI and PC, as assessed by mass spectrometry. The increase in DHA was determined by the increase in peak intensity at molecular masses that corresponded to the calculated theoretical mass based on probable side chains. Contrast-induced nephropathy, characterized by the development of acute renal failure after exposure to radiocontrast, is the ” third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute “8549627 renal injury, accounting for 11% of all cases. It is defined as an increase in baseline serum creatinine level of 25% or an absolute increase of 44 mmol/L. Although CIN is generally benign in most instances, it is associated with lengthened hospital stays, increased health care costs, and higher risk of death. Several strategies, including using iso-osmolar contrast, limiting the amount of administered contrast media and volume expansion have become well established methods for the prevention of CIN. The pathophysiological mechanisms of CIN is not well known. However, multiple studies have suggested that renal vasoconstriction, oxidative stress, inflammation and direct tubular cell damage by contrast media may play crucial important roles in the renal injury process. Statins, drugs primarily associated with lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol-lowering effects, have been shown to possess pleiotropic effects that include enhancement of endothelial nitric oxide production, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions. Therefore, statins are considered as promising candidate agents for the prevention of CIN. A few studies focused on statin therapy as specific prophylactic measures of CIN have been published with conflicting results. In this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of short-term high-dose statin treatment for the prevention of CIN and clinical outcomes and reevaluate of the potential benefits of statin therapy. Statin Prevents Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Materials and Methods Search strategy The literature search was performed on PubMed, OVID, EMBASE, Web of science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We derived three comprehensive search themes that were then combined using the Boolean operator “AND”. For the theme “contrast media”, we used combinations of MeSH, entry terms and text words: contrast, radiocontrast, contrast medium, contrast media, contrast dye, radiographic contrast, radiocontrast media, radiocontrast medium and contrast agent. For the theme “renal insuficiency”, we used: renal insufficiency, renal failure, diabetic nephropathies, nephritis, nephropathy, nephrotoxic, and, contrastinduced nephropathy and contrast-associated nephropathy. For the theme “statin”, statin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, cerivastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, lovastatin, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors were used. Appendix S1 shows the detailed search method. We did not restrict by language or type of article. To identify other relevant studies, we manually scanned reference lists from identified trials and rev