Oxidant, it was applied in various doses, so that the actual concentration in the substance inside the experimental it was . When verifying no matter whether a provided substance acts as a preventive antioxidant, vessel was generally 100 (red), ten (blue), actual (green curve) ol/L, respectively. The the exapplied in various doses, to ensure that the and 1 concentration in the substance inside results of antioxidative profile assessment of various substances are offered in Table 1.perimental vessel was generally 100 (red), 10 (blue), and 1 (green curve) ol/L, respectively. The results of antioxidative profile assessment of several substances are given in Table 1.Pharmaceutics 2021, 13,7 ofTable 1. Antioxidative profile assessment of numerous substances. Substance N-Acetylcysteine Acetylsalicylic acid Arbutin Aurothiomalate Bucillamine Captopril Carnosine Cemtirestat CysteamineL -CysteinePreventive Action Diversity Library Physicochemical Properties Productive Efficient Efficient Powerful Efficient Successful Efficient Productive Efficient Productive Productive Successful Efficient Powerful Successful Efficient Powerful Productive Ineffective Successful Successful Effective IneffectiveChain-Breaking Action Effective Powerful Productive Effective Powerful Helpful Powerful Effective Successful Powerful Successful Successful Efficient Powerful Powerful Helpful Powerful Helpful Ineffective Ineffective Helpful Not investigated IneffectiveBC EffectiveaDReference/Note [679] [70] [71] [72] [63,737]/It is usually a dithiol.Effective Successful ba[56,78] [79] [59] [80]Effective[73,81] [77]/It is actually a dithiol. [77]/It is usually a dithiol; SH groups’ pKa values = 9.two and 10.1. [61] [82] [83]Scaffold Library MedChemExpress Dithiothreitol DithioerythritolD -MannitolEdaravone Ergothioneine IsatinL -GlutathioneEffectiveb[59] Effectivea[15,35,67,846] [67]/It would be the oxidized L-glutathione. [83] [83] At neutral pH it’s a zwitterion. [87]/RS-(-, R- and S-enantiomers have been evaluated. [78]Glutathione disulfide Hercynine Histidine Homocysteine Ibuprofen LevamisolePharmaceutics 2021, 13,8 ofTable 1. Cont. Substance Methotrexate Methylsulfonylmethane Mn(III)-porphyrins c NaproxenD -PenicillaminePreventive Action Productive IneffectiveChain-Breaking Action Productive EffectiveBCDReference/Note [79] [88]/Chain-breaker in extremely high dose.Effective c Productive Ineffective Ineffective Powerful Ineffective Powerful Powerful Productive Ineffective Successful Efficient Successful Effective Powerful Ineffective[89] [70] [90,91]/SH group’s pKa value = ten.five [92] [59,93,94] Dihydroquercetin, belongs to a subgroup of flavanols [56,78] Phenol-type compound [61]Phosphatidylcholine dihydroquercetin Stobadine Taxifolin Tiopronin Vanillin VinpocetineaN-Acetylcysteine, L-cysteine, and L-glutathione are weak acids, which pKa values of their -SH group equal to 9.52, ten.78, and 9.65, respectively. On account of dissociation of thiol a minute fraction of thiolate anions in conjunction with the generated thiyl radicals act each like the reductants of O2 molecules yielding superoxide anion radicals, which subsequently take part in reaction with in situ generated H2 O2 molecules in line with the reversible Haber-Weiss reaction O2 H2 O2 HO HO- O2 [95]. b Considering that each substances, i.e., cemtirestat and isatin strongly intercalate cupric ions, no redox active Cu(II) was readily available to type ascorbate–Cu(II)/Cu(I)–dioxygen complicated even at the lowest substance concentration (1/100). c Mn(III)meso-tetrakis(N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin (MnTE-2-PyP5 ), in phase II clinical trials, accepts a single electron from AscH- and s.