Ion of influenzapositive ILI circumstances identified by RT-PCR. Seasonal peaks in influenza A virus activity, specially with H3N2 virus2012 Blackwell Publishing LtdInfluenza surveillance in IndonesiaPercentage of ILI circumstances posi ve for Influenza viruses50 40 30 20 10All Influenza cases Influenza B Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H3N2)Percentage of ILI cases posi ve for Influenza viruses60 50 40 30 20 10All Influenza circumstances Influenza B Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H3N2)JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecMonthMonthPercentage of ILI instances posi ve for Influenza viruses50 40 30 20All Influenza circumstances Influenza B Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H3N2)Percentage of ILI instances posi ve for Influenza viruses60 50 40 30 20 10All Influenza cases Influenza B Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H3N2)JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecMonthMonthPercentage of ILI situations posi ve for Influenza viruses 60 50 40 30 20 ten 0 Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H3N2) All Influenza circumstances Influenza BJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecMonthFigure 2. Percentage of ILI instances testing postive for influenza viruses by RT-PCR by month, 2003007.Calnexin Protein Storage & Stability strains, were observed for the duration of December and January, followed by increases in influenza B virus activity throughout March to May.LILRB4/CD85k/ILT3 Protein medchemexpress The seasonality of influenza A virus was largely consistent across all nine islands though some had elevated activity during May possibly and July (Sumatra, Maluku, and Papua).PMID:23329650 Two eastern provinces of Indonesia appeared to possess a bimodal peak in influenza activity during December-January and June-July while data have been limited (data not shown). We observed a higher correlation between the imply proportion of influenza A positives among ILI situations and mean precipitation from 18 districts (Figure three; r = 07). When assessed per district, influenza A virus activity appeared to correlate nicely with rainfall in 10 districts (in one particular district, r 0; in nine districts, r = 00); poor-to-moderate correlation was observed in other districts (in one district, r = 0; in two districts, r = 0; in three districts, r = 0; and in two districts, r = )01 to )0.) The final five districts are situated in Kalimantan and two eastern islands of Indonesia (Maluku and Papua). Influenza A virus activity did not seem to correlate with imply month-to-month temperature or relative humidity (information not shown). Influenza B virus activity didn’t seem to be correlated with imply month-to-month temperature, imply month-to-month rainfall, or month-to-month relative humidity for any sites (information not shown). Retrospective analysis identified a compact quantity of influenza A viruses that have been isolated from respiratory specimens collected by way of surveillance in IndonesiaFigure three. Comparison of rainfall precipitation as well as the proportion of ILI circumstances that tested positive for influenza A, 20032007 Indonesia*.2012 Blackwell Publishing LtdKosasih et al.Table 3. Detection of Influenza A Virus Strains in Indonesia and Temporal Relationship to Worldwide Detection of WHO Designated influenza A Vaccine Virus Strains, 2003Influenza vaccine strainMonth, year chosen as WHO vaccine strainDate of collection of influenza vaccine virusDate of collection of Indonesia virusIndonesia virus nameAntigenic characterization*A / California / 07 / 2004 (H3N2) A / Wisconsin / 67 / 2005 (H3N2)-like A / Solomon Islands / 03 / 2006 (H1N1)-likeFebruarySept 16,Sept 16,Indonesia / 1857 / 2004 Indonesia / 1711 / 2005 Indonesia / 3208 /A / Califomia / 07 / 2004 (H3N2)-.