Relieved just because I find order Chaetocin myself with other people who are sick. We have this illness together’ [25]Table 5. Quality assessment of included studies.Ngamvithayapong (1997) [25]GoodGoodGoodGoodFairFairGoodFairGood doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0087166.t005 Implications and usefulnessAuthor Id Checklist ItemPLOS ONE | www.plosone.orgTransferability/GeneralizabilityIntroduction and aimsMethods and dataAbstract and TitleEthics and biasData AnalysisSamplingFindingsAdherence to Isoniazid Preventive TherapyTable 6. Major and sub-themes identified from included studies.Theme/Subtheme 1. Individual personal beliefs a. Fear of INH side effects,Sample DataPerceived side effects of isoniazid [25] Side effects of the study medication (but personal doctor did not tell me to stop) [21, p. 7] I always felt like vomiting and my eyes were always itching because of the pills.” [21, p. 4] People have noticed that everywhere they go, it says `HIV kills’. So even if I take treatment, I am not going to be cured. I am going to die …so that’s why people cannot take treatment regularly’ [26, p. 266] 22 agreed that INH is dangerous to your health [27, p. 5] Those who believed that INH was safe were less likely to have a negative urine test [27, p. 3] The 109 interviewed completers cited the following factors in their decision to complete IPT: fear of TB (n = 48, 44 )… fear of TB and HIV complications (n = 24, 22 ) [24, p. 1039] Misunderstanding about duration of the preventive therapy [25] Despite having completed the 9 month programme, about a quarter of the participants still did not know about the effect of isoniazid in preventing clinical TB [25] “I have completed the 9-month IPT programme and I do not know the effect of Isoniazid in preventing clinical TB, I think Isoniazid is dangerous to my health” [27, p. 4] `Since last year I took the tablets for TB. Then I find I feel better, and I don’t take the tablets. And even this year I took another package for TB. But when I feel better, I don’t drink the tablets. Only when I feel pain.’ [26, p. 266] Health worker: `Really a person can’t take medicine when he’s not sick’ [26, p. 266] Forgetfulness [22] Patients who reported they sometimes forget to take the INH were more likely to have negative tests [27,p. 4]b. c. d.Perceptions of HIV Belief in INH safety Fear of TB/HIV complicationse. Knowledge of IPT importancef. g.IPT understanding Being asymptomatich.Forgetting2. HIV treatment and related issues a. b. c. d. Denial of HIV status HIV disclosure Concurrent use of HAART Alternative treatments Denial of HIV status [25] `It’s not good to tell anyone…because it is spread all over the village’ [26, p. 265] “I was taking a lot of tablets and I was always thinking I will die…so I decided to stop these ones (isoniazid).” [21, p. 4] `They think that if they go to the traditional healers, they will give them something to drink. They are given a medicine, they think they will be cured.’ [26, p. 266] Taking too many pills [21, p. 7]e. Pill Burden 3. Socio-economic factors a. Out-migration for employment and competing work purchase 6-Methoxybaicalein prioritiesOut-migration for job search in other provinces [25, p. 110] “My job contract came to an end and I had to relocate to my home village” [21,p. 4] “The reasons were work commitments. My job was a barrier to taking the pill but the medication treated me well.” [21, p. 4] Many noted competing needs and priorities at home in relation to subsistence issues for themselves and their famil.Relieved just because I find myself with other people who are sick. We have this illness together’ [25]Table 5. Quality assessment of included studies.Ngamvithayapong (1997) [25]GoodGoodGoodGoodFairFairGoodFairGood doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0087166.t005 Implications and usefulnessAuthor Id Checklist ItemPLOS ONE | www.plosone.orgTransferability/GeneralizabilityIntroduction and aimsMethods and dataAbstract and TitleEthics and biasData AnalysisSamplingFindingsAdherence to Isoniazid Preventive TherapyTable 6. Major and sub-themes identified from included studies.Theme/Subtheme 1. Individual personal beliefs a. Fear of INH side effects,Sample DataPerceived side effects of isoniazid [25] Side effects of the study medication (but personal doctor did not tell me to stop) [21, p. 7] I always felt like vomiting and my eyes were always itching because of the pills.” [21, p. 4] People have noticed that everywhere they go, it says `HIV kills’. So even if I take treatment, I am not going to be cured. I am going to die …so that’s why people cannot take treatment regularly’ [26, p. 266] 22 agreed that INH is dangerous to your health [27, p. 5] Those who believed that INH was safe were less likely to have a negative urine test [27, p. 3] The 109 interviewed completers cited the following factors in their decision to complete IPT: fear of TB (n = 48, 44 )… fear of TB and HIV complications (n = 24, 22 ) [24, p. 1039] Misunderstanding about duration of the preventive therapy [25] Despite having completed the 9 month programme, about a quarter of the participants still did not know about the effect of isoniazid in preventing clinical TB [25] “I have completed the 9-month IPT programme and I do not know the effect of Isoniazid in preventing clinical TB, I think Isoniazid is dangerous to my health” [27, p. 4] `Since last year I took the tablets for TB. Then I find I feel better, and I don’t take the tablets. And even this year I took another package for TB. But when I feel better, I don’t drink the tablets. Only when I feel pain.’ [26, p. 266] Health worker: `Really a person can’t take medicine when he’s not sick’ [26, p. 266] Forgetfulness [22] Patients who reported they sometimes forget to take the INH were more likely to have negative tests [27,p. 4]b. c. d.Perceptions of HIV Belief in INH safety Fear of TB/HIV complicationse. Knowledge of IPT importancef. g.IPT understanding Being asymptomatich.Forgetting2. HIV treatment and related issues a. b. c. d. Denial of HIV status HIV disclosure Concurrent use of HAART Alternative treatments Denial of HIV status [25] `It’s not good to tell anyone…because it is spread all over the village’ [26, p. 265] “I was taking a lot of tablets and I was always thinking I will die…so I decided to stop these ones (isoniazid).” [21, p. 4] `They think that if they go to the traditional healers, they will give them something to drink. They are given a medicine, they think they will be cured.’ [26, p. 266] Taking too many pills [21, p. 7]e. Pill Burden 3. Socio-economic factors a. Out-migration for employment and competing work prioritiesOut-migration for job search in other provinces [25, p. 110] “My job contract came to an end and I had to relocate to my home village” [21,p. 4] “The reasons were work commitments. My job was a barrier to taking the pill but the medication treated me well.” [21, p. 4] Many noted competing needs and priorities at home in relation to subsistence issues for themselves and their famil.